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Fig. 1 | Animal Diseases

Fig. 1

From: Ancylostoma ceylanicum and other zoonotic canine hookworms: neglected public and animal health risks in the Asia–Pacific region

Fig. 1

Life cycle and transmission dynamics of Ancyloatoma ceylanicum. The life cycle is direct and requires humans, dogs or cats as definitive hosts (A) As determined by population genetics and phylogenetic analyses, the transmission dynamics of A. ceylanicum can be divided into 3 routes (US Centers for Disease Control 2019). : the zoonotic (blue, B, C), human-only (green, B) (Wongwigkan and Inpankaew 2020), and animal-only (orange, C) pathways (Kladkempetch et al. 2020). Figures containing phylogenetic trees were modified with permission

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Animal Diseases

ISSN: 2731-0442