The National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology was founded by Chen Hua-Kui, a pioneering scientist in Chinese soil microbiology in 1990. It has consistently received excellent ratings in evaluations by the Ministry of Science and Technology for national key laboratories and outstanding departmental key laboratories in the field of life sciences in 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016. In 2022, it was successfully recombined and approved as the "National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology". The lab focuses on varies of research areas, including the exploration of agricultural microbes, microbial structure and function, microbe‒host‒environment interactions, improvements in agricultural microbes, the development of new agricultural microbial products and food security.